Social protection is an essential strategy for promoting inclusive and sustainable development, especially in developing countries like Pakistan, where poverty, inequality, and vulnerability are prevalent. Social protection refers to policies and programs that aim to prevent individuals and households from falling into poverty, vulnerability, and exclusion. Social protection programs can take many forms, including cash transfers, food assistance, health care, education, and employment services. In recent years, Pakistan has made significant efforts to improve the coverage and effectiveness of social protection programs. However, the country still faces many challenges in this area.